Using TAS, visualization of the pelvic organs is limited by body habitus owing to sonic attenuation of the intervening anterior abdominal wall, subcutaneous and properitoneal fat, and fat in the mesentery and omentum. The normal sono graphic anatomy described in this chapter reflects a combined transvesical and transvaginal approach and is weighted, as in clinical practice, to use the positive attributes of both TVS and TAS.Īs with all ultrasound applications, it is standard practice to use the highest possible transducer frequency, which allows visualization of the target organs. The transvaginal approach bypasses attenuating tissue and allows a high frequency probe to be placed close to the “target organs.” TVS demonstrates anatomic detail of the uterus, ovaries, and adnexa, which cannot be duplicated by TAS. ![]() The transvesical approach provides better visualization of superficial structures and structures remote from the vagina than the transvaginal approach. TAS is performed through the full urinary bladder and provides a wider field of view than the transvaginal approach. ![]() 1 In many ultrasound laboratories, the standard examination of the female pelvis is composed of the traditional transvesical/transabdominal approach (TAS) combined with TVS and, in some cases, transvaginal color flow Doppler (TVCFD). ![]() High-resolution transvaginal sonography (TVS) has been widely available since the mid-1980s and has gained acceptance as an integral part of gynecologic and early obstetric sonographic examinations.
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